The ocean bottom，a region nearly 2.5 times greater than the total land area of the Earth， is even today largely unexplored. Until about a century ago，the deep-ocean floor was completely inaccessible and hidden beneath waters averaging over 3，600 meters deep. Totally without light and subjected to intense pressures hundreds of times greater than at the Earth's surface，the deep-ocean bottom is a strange environment to humans，in some ways as forbidding and remote as the outer space.
Although researchers have taken samples of deep-ocean rocks for over a century，the first detailed global study of the ocean bottom did not actually start until 1968，with the beginning of the National Science Foundation's Deep Sea Drilling Project ( DSDP). Using techniques first developed for the offshore oil and gas industry，the DSDP's drill ship，the Glomar Challenger，was able to maintain a steady position on the ocean's surface and drill in very deep waters，taking samples of rock from the ocean floor.
The Glomar Challenger completed 96 voyages in a 15-year-research program that ended in November 1983. During this time，it sailed 600，000 kilometers and took almost
20，000samples of rocks around the world. Those samples have allowed geologists to reconstruct what the planet looked like hundreds of millions of years ago and to make out what it will probably look like millions of years in the future. Today，largely on the strength of evidence gathered during the Glomar Challenger's voyages，nearly all earth scientists agree on the theories of plate tectonics (構造學) and continental drift that explains many of the geological processes.
The samples of rocks drilled by the Glomar Challenger have also provided a climatic record stretching back hundreds of millions of years. The information of past climatic changes can be used to predict future climates.
1.The underlined word" inaccessible" in Line 3 means .
A. unrecognizable B. unreachable C. unusable D. unreasonable
2.Why does the author mention "outer space" in the first paragraph?
A.The Earth's climate millions of years ago was similar to that in outer space.
B.It is similar to the ocean floor in being strange to the humans.
C.Rock formations in outer space are similar to those found on the ocean floor.
D.Techniques used by scientists to explore outer space were similar to those used in ocean exploration.
3.Which of the following is TRUE of the Glomar Challenger?
A. It is a type of submarine. B. It is an ongoing project.
C. It has gone on over 100 voyages. D. It made its first DSDP voyage in 1968.
4.The Deep Sea Drilling Project was significant because it was .
A.an attempt to find new sources of oil and gas
B.the first extensive exploration of the ocean bottom
C.made up of geologists from all over the world
D.supported entirely by the gas and oil industry
5.Which is NOT mentioned in the passage as being a result of the Deep Sea Drilling Project?
A.Geologists were able to determine the Earth's appearance millions of years ago.
B.Two geological theories became more widely accepted by scientists.
C.Geologists observed forms of life never before seen.
D.Information was revealed about the Earth's past climatic changes.
科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Every year 2.2 million tons of oil are spilled ( 散落，濺出 ) into the ocean. Actually, this only amounts to a small percentage of the total 1.6 billion tons of oil shipped around the world each year.However, this spilled oil has terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the off washes up onto shore. Some of the largest spills in history were caused by oil tankers running into each other or by an oil tanker sailing into shallow water and hitting the bottom of the ocean.
After these spills, officials try to discover who or what was at fault to help prevent similar accidents in the future.
One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989. In this accident, 42,000 tons of oil spilled from a tanker which resulted in terrible damage to this sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker's captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to___________. He gave control of the ship to the third mate. The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto Blighe Reef. Blighe Reef is a natural underwater rock wall near the Alaskan coast. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 otters died when the oil from the spill covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals. The most oil ever spilled was actually dumped on purpose as an act of ecological warfare. The term ecological warfare means to fight by doing harm to nature in the area under attack. In 1990, Iraq sent soldiers into Kuwait and set off the Persian Gulf War. As part of the Iraq war plan,900,000 tons of oil were let out into the Persian Gulf Way Iraq. This oil covered 1,500 square kilometers of water in the Persian Gulf. The oil also damaged 650 kilometers of the coastline of both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In some places, oil floating on the water was measured to be 43 centimeters thick. Water birds, water plants, and baby fish were all seriously affected by the oil. The long-term effects of this act on the food chain in the area are bound to cause problems tar into the future.
71.What’s the best title of the passage?
_________________________________________________________________________
72.Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?
Officials make efforts to do research into the oil spill accidents and don’t want to see the similar things happen again in the future
___________________________________________________________________________
73.Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.(within ten words)
____________________________________________________________________________
74.What do you think of the oil spill accident happening in 1990 in the Persian Gulf ?(within 30 words)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
75.Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.
___________________________________________________________________________
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。
TUVALU, a tiny country in the Pacific Ocean, has asked for help as it fears it will be swallowed up by the sea.
Storms and huge waves are a constant threat and none of Tuvalu’s nine little islands is more than five meters above sea level, Salt water is already entering the country’s drinking water supply, as well as damaging plants that produce fruit and vegetable. _____1_____
______2____. Venice, a historic city in Italy best known for its canals, has sunk about 24 cm over the past 100 years. Experts say that it will have sunk another 20-50cm by 2050. A century ago, St. Mark’s Square, the lowest point in the city, flooded about nine times a year, Nowadays, it happens more than 100 times. While Venice is slowly sinking into the mud on which it stands, Tuvalu’s rising sea level is caused by global warming.
The average global temperature has increased by almost 0.5 centigrade degrees over the past century; scientists expect it to rise by extra 1-3 degrees over the next 100 years.
Warmer weather makes glaciers（冰川）melt, adding more water to the ocean. The warmer temperatures also make water expand, so it takes up more space, causing the sea level to rise. The sea level has risen about 10－25 cm in the last 100 years.
__3____. Through burning coal, oil and gas, people have been increasing the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as CO2. This adds to the power of the greenhouse effect, making the planet even warmer.
Many scientists believe that, if the warming is not stopped, there will be huge climate changes. _____4______.
____5_____, the sea will swallow up millions of homes and the world will be flooded with “climate refugees” looking for somewhere to live.
A. The main cause of global warming is human pollution
B. Should this come true
C. Without urgent help, the country’s days are numbered.
D. But Tuvalu is not the first place to face sinking into the sea
E. The sea level could rise by one meter this century
F. people face a lot of pollution
G. much has been done about our planet
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科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Don't go to Kauai. Go to any of the other Hawaiian Islands --- Maui, Lanai, the Big Island --- but leave Kauai for us. The weather on Kauai is so unpredictable (不可預測的) that sometimes it rains all day --- in fact, it's the second-wettest spot on the earth. Yes, there are giant double rainbows all the time, and the sunlight through the clouds is magical. But if you are not interested in these, go somewhere else. You just can't control the nature on Kauai, and who wants to surrender (屈服) to the nature when you could be at a fine hotel, lying in a comfortable chair next to a swimming pool, with food served upon request?
So what if Kauai produces surf champions the way Texas produces cowboys？Most of its 300 white-sand beaches are unmarked. Unless you connect with the local people, the hidden spots are hard to find. While Hanalei is the most beautiful town you've ever dreamed of, you can forget about discos and clubs. Worse, it doesn't have one single four-star restaurant. What it does have is the original drive-through places where you pass by a rambutan tree (紅毛丹樹), and pick a piece of fruit.
Shopping in Kauai? Forget it --- unless you are interested in shell necklaces and beautifully carved wood bowls. Kauai is not about pampering. It's about going natural and finding the nature within you. It's a do-it-yourself place that offers walking along the coast, diving and swimming in the Pacific Ocean, and lying on the beach.
Don't go to Kauai unless you have a lot of time, because there's only one road, which can be slightly dull. It winds through the beautiful scenery of waterfalls, rivers flowing into the ocean, and taro (芋頭) fields. You have no choice but to look at everything, because the speed limit is 35 m.p.h.
If you're not interested in color, don't bother with Kauai, because that's what you get --- red roads, blue oceans, and a hundred different shades of green. It's like diving on land. Many people on Kauai believe that this is Lemuria --- a lost island in the Atlantic. Can you imagine? Those Hawaiians, surfers, New Agers, and people who love nature and beauty and want a different quality of life --- what do they know, anyway? Forget about it --- you're not going to like it. Go somewhere else. Leave Kauai for us.
After reading the text, we come to know that it is _____.
A. a piece of shocking news B. an exciting story
C. an interesting introduction D. a moving advertisement
It can be learned from the text that _____.
A. Kauai is an island near the Hawaiian Islands
B. Kauai is another name of the Hawaiian Islands
C. Kauai is one of the Hawaiian Islands
D. Kauai does not belong to the Hawaiian Islands
In the writer's real opinion, Kauai _____.
A. is not worth visiting at all B. is well worth visiting
C. is not a beautiful island D. is a dangerous island
Who would like to visit Kauai?
A. Those who love nature. B. Those who love city life.
C. Those who love the comfort in a fine hotel. D. Those who love going shopping.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆江西省高一上學期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：完型填空
Surfing: It’s Not Just for Boys Anymore
If you asked high school girls to name their favorite sports, most would probably say basketball or volleyball. I happen to be one of the few girls who would 36 : surfing. But isn’t that a boy thing? Some people 37 . Most certainly not.
I started surfing about five years ago and fell in love with the sport on the 38 first day. Riding that first 39 was the best feeling I had ever experienced.
When I try to 40 surfing with other things, I find it very difficult because, in my 41 , there’s nothing like it. It involves body, 42 , and soul. There’s sand between my toes and cool, salt water all 43 us. The feeling I get when I’m surfing across that 44 , becoming one with the 45 , is like I’m weightless.
The one thing I can 46 from surfing and not any other sport is endless challenge. You can never be the “best surfer” because the ocean 47 an uncountable variety of waves that nobody can ever master. The variations of surfing styles are wonderful. Some surfers are free and lowing; others are very aggressive (活躍有力的) and 48 . All of these things attract me to surfing and make it 49 from any other sport.
I’ve 50 to tell every girl I know to do something that people don’t think girls can do. It’s part of being human to advance to new 51 , so shouldn’t it be expected that girls should step up and start 52 the limits of things boys and men used to dominate (主宰)?
There’re women 53 side by side with the President of our country, so why not side by side with the boys 54 the football team or out in the water surfing? Give girls a chance to 55 , and they will.
1. A．tell B．give C．answer D．realize
2. A．Believe B．understand C．reply D．wonder
3. A．very B．just C．rightly D．only
4. A．storm B．wave C．sail D．boat
5. A．bring B．connect C．tie D．compare
6. A．work B．study C．holiday D．life
7. A．effort B．mind C．health D．time
8. A．along B．around C．above D．by
9. A．water B．beach C．board D．lake
10. A．sky B．ocean C．earth D．world
11. A．take B．make C．get D．keep
12. A．offers B．includes C．catches D．collects
13. A．great B．sharp C．hard D．calm
14. A．known B．right C．far D．different
15. A．chosen B．learned C．tried D．promised
16. A．points B．levels C．steps D．parts
17. A．reaching B．accepting C．pushing D．setting
18. A．sitting B．walking C．working D．fighting
19. A．of B．from C．on D．with
20. A．think B．feel C．perform D．succeed
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆北京市東城區（南片）高一上學期期末考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Animals Can Sense Natural Disasters
Among the dead in South Asia’ s tsunami（海嘯）were many tourists at Sri Lanka’ s national wildlife park at Yala. But very few of the park’s animals — elephants, buffaloes, monkeys and wild cats — appear to have died. There are theories that animals can sense natural disasters and run away to safety.
First, it’s possible that the animals may have heard the quake before the tsunami hit. The underwater burst produced sound waves known as infrasound（次聲）. Humans can’t hear infrasound, but many animals including dogs, elephants, tigers and pigeons can.
A second early warning sign the animals might have sensed is ground vibration（震動）. The great quake would have produced vibrational waves known as Rayleigh waves. These vibrations move through the ground like waves moving on the surface of the ocean but faster. They travel at ten times the speed of sound. The Rayleigh waves would have reached Sri Lanka hours before the water hit. Mammals, birds, insects and spiders can sense Rayleigh waves. So the animals at Yala might have felt the Rayleigh waves and then run to higher ground.
But what about humans? While we can’t hear infrasound, we can feel it, although we don’t necessarily know we’re feeling it. We also experience Rayleigh waves by special sensors in our joints（關節）, which exist just for that purpose. Sadly, it seems we don’t pay attention to the information when we get it. Maybe we screen it out because there’s so much going on before our eyes and in our ears.
1.Why did few animals at Yala die when the tsunamis that caused a huge number of human deaths hit?
A．Because human beings cannot hear the infrasonic sound.
B．Because the animals were staying at a higher place in the park.
C．Because the animals were able to run much faster than human beings.
D．Because the animals might have picked up the danger signals and ran away.
2.Which of the statements about “Rayleigh waves” is true?
A．Rayleigh waves can be felt both by animals and human beings.
B．Rayleigh waves, just like infrasonic sound, can only be felt by animals.
C．Rayleigh waves are vibrational waves that usually cause quakes or tsunamis.
D．Rayleigh waves move on the ocean surface at a speed ten times that of sound waves.
3.According to the passage, which of the statement is true?
A．We can’t feel the infrasound so we can’t be informed of the danger.
B．We ignore the information of tsunami’s coming even though we can also get it.
C．We were so busy on our minds that we feel neither infrasound nor Rayleigh waves.
D．We can feel Rayleigh waves and infrasound so we can escape the danger like animals.
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