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Switzerland is famous for its watches. However, this country didn’t  26  the

watch.   It was the British   27  did it.Here is a story of  28  the

watch was  29  to Switzerland.

Many years ago, an Englishman was  30   to Italy   31   his way he stopped in a small town in south Switzerland. This Englishman travelled in a      carriage inside    32  there was a carriage watch. This was the  33  kind of  watch. A native shop assistant   34  to see the watch. He  35  what it was  and asked the Englishman   36  it.“Itis a carriage watch. ”said the man. “ This  machine    37  the time but now it

isn’t working.”

At once the shop assistant    38   to try to repair it. So the traveller  39  him the watch. The assistant was a very wise man. So it  was not  40  that he managed to repair it. He  41  remembered how it was made. As soon as the traveller had  42  on his journey, he made a watch of  43  the same type.

  44  the watch-making was   45  in Switzerland. Today Swiss watches are sold in stores all over the world.

1.                A．make          B．invent          C．produce  D．develop

 

2.                A．which          B．who           C．where    D．they

 

3.                A．why           B．that            C．how D．when

 

4.                A．carried         B．sold            C．sailed    D．brought

 

5.                A．travelling       B．riding          C．walking   D．running

 

6.                A．On            B．In             C．At   D．From

 

7.                A．which          B．that            C．it    D．whom

 

8.                A．proper         B．smallest         C．earliest   D．biggest

 

9.                A．wanted         B．seemed         C．happened D．discovered

 

10.               A．wondered      B．thought        C．understood D．discovered

 

11.               A．on            B．about          C．of    D．with

 

12.               A．gives          B．tells           C．strikes D．counts

 

13.               A．failed          B．helped         C．insisted   D．offered

 

14.               A．served         B．shared         C．showed   D．handed

 

15.               A．surprise        B．surprised       C．surprising  D．surprises

 

16.               A．however       B．besides         C．but   D．even

 

17.               A．gone          B．done          C．come D．spent

 

18.               A．correctly       B．specially        C．exactly    D．naturally

 

19.               A．Thus           B．So             C．Otherwise D．However

 

20.               A．opened        B．started         C．done D．returned

 

 

Decision-making can be extremely difficult. Decision-making styles are significantly different in different cultures.
In any approach to a problem and in any negotiations, the Western world turns to the“I to you” approach while Japan，the “you to you” approach. The former means both sides present their arguments openly from their own point of view. Naturally, often comes a confrontation(沖突) situation, which Westerners are very skillful in dealing with.The latter is based on each side trying to understand the other person’s point of view. Thus, the direction of the meeting is a mutual(相互的) attempt to reduce confrontation and achieve harmony.
Besides, Western decision-making goes mostly from top management(管理人員) and often does not consult middle management or the worker. However, in Japan great consideration is given to the thoughts and opinions of everyone at all levels. Based on “bottom-up direction”, ideas can be created at the lowest levels, travel upward through an organization and have an effect on the final decision.
Difference in decision-making also comes from different communication styles. The Japanese business person works to achieve harmony, even if the deal fallsthrough, and will spend whatever time is necessary to determine a “you to you” approach, communicating personal views only indirectly. They put a thorough job above the Western deadline approach. So the Japanese are thorough in their meetings. Thus Americans are often annoyed by the many meetings in many Japanese businesses. But where the American is pressingfor a specific decision, the Japanese is trying to think up a rather broad direction.
On the other hand, once a given agreement is made, it is the Japanese who sometimes wonderat the slow pace in which Westerners carry out the decision. The Japanese are eager to move forward and Westerners, perhaps, lag(落后)behind as they take the time for in-depth planning.
【小題1】 The text mainly tells us that Japan and the Western world         .

A．face great difficulty in making decisions

B．are different in decision-making styles

C．have all members contribute to a decision

D．have two approaches: “I to you” and “you to I”

【小題2】Which of the following is TRUE of the Westerners?

A．They carry out the decision once it is made.

B．There are many meetings in their businesses.

C．They work to achieve harmony in doing business.

D．They are good at handling confrontation situation.

【小題3】The author’s attitude towards Japanese decision-making is         .

A．positive

B．critical

C．negative

D．casual(無所謂的）

Transforming Obstacles into Benefits

A group of frogs was traveling through the woods and two of them fell into a deep pit. Immediately, all the other frogs in the group   1   the pit and watched as the   2   frogs tried to jump out. The pit was very   3   , so the frogs on top started yelling at the two frogs in the pit to give up.  4   the trapped frogs kept trying, the crowd yelled louder, “Give up. You’re   5   dead.” After a while, one of the exhausted frogs took heed to what the others were saying, and fell down and died.

But   6  , the second frog kept jumping as hard as she could despite the   7   remarks. Finally, with one brave leap, she   8   it out of the pit!

This amazing   9   occurred because the second frog was   10   and unable to hear what the others had been saying. She thought they had been   11   her on the entire time they were yelling! What she had   12   perceived (理解) as encouragement inspired her to try harder and succeed against all odds. And that made all the   13  !

With a   14   mindset, and being deaf to other’s opinions, the second frog made use of such negativity to overcome   15   and reach her goals by using it as encouragement.  16  , when we get round others’ criticism, or laughter, we can do   17   we set our minds to, just as the second frog did. But, if we are not deaf like this frog, who could not be   18   by others due to a physical condition, we need the   19   to guide us to the proper way, so as not to be blindly   20   by worldly opinion.

1．A．gathered around     B．got round            C．jumped into         D．escaped from

2．A．unconscious          B．tiresome              C．awkward             D．imprisoned

3．A．dangerous             B．shallow               C．deep                   D．secure

4．A．Before                  B．When                  C．Because              D．Although

5．A．as long as              B．as well as            C．as soon as           D．as good as

1,3,5

6．A．fortunately            B．amazingly            C．naturally              D．cheerfully

7．A．innocent                B．active                  C．negative              D．inspiring

8．A．made                    B．reached               C．got                     D．kept

9．A．response               B．adjustment           C．reflection             D．result

10．A．deaf                    B．disabled               C．stubborn             D．confident

11．A．flattering              B．teasing                C．congratulating      D．cheering

12．A．entirely                B．accurately            C．mistakenly           D．constantly

13．A．success               B．difference            C．conclusion           D．consequence

14．A．positive               B．desperate             C．ridiculous            D．passive

15．A．loneliness            B．tension                C．obstacles             D．fear

16．A．Besides               B．However             C．Thus                   D．Eventually

17．A．something           B．anything              C．nothing               D．everything

18．A．informed             B．convinced            C．persuaded            D．influenced

19．A．support               B．wisdom               C．environment        D．consensus

20．A．guided               B．pitied                   C．suspected          D．opposed