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閱讀理解

　　In most situations, light helps us see．But nowadays humans are using too much of it so that it is in fact a kind of pollution．

　　When it comes to looking at the night sky, too much light makes it difficult for us to watch some of life’s most wonderful sights： stars, planets and even galaxies(星系)．

　　According to scientific research, about 2,500 stars can be seen by the human eye without using any special equipment(設備)．But because of light pollution, you can only see 200 to 300 stars from today’s countryside, and no more than ten stars from a city．In most big cities, people cannot see the sky filled with stars like they did in their childhood．

　　Light pollution affects more than just our view of sky．Research shows that lots of nighttime light can harm wildlife, too．

　　When birds fly to another place over cities, they sometimes get lost by the brightness and fly in circles(圈)until they drop from tiredness．Sea turtles(海龜)need dark beaches for laying eggs, but they can’t find their ideal places because of those bright lights．

　　Too much light at night may even affect human health, but scientists are not sure of that．They are still learning more．

　　In order to prevent things from going worse, governments and some organizations are working to reduce light pollution．Many cities and towns have taken action to reduce the use of lights at night．Lights are used only when and where they are truly needed．They also shine lights down at the ground instead of up into the sky and use lower brightness levels．

　　Hopefully, in the near future, humans can enjoy the clear and beautiful sky again and all the wildlife will live a peaceful and undisturbed life, too．

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閱讀理解

　　How to say hello in Japanese depends on when you say it．This is very much like different greetings used in English at different times of the day or night．In Japanese culture, it also depends on whether you are on the phone or meeting somebody or whether you are close to the person you are greeting．We seldom greet them with “good morning” or “Good evening”．A “Hi” is enough．

　　Although the most popular and most well-known translation for “Hello” is still “Konnichiwa”, it is not exactly how to say hello in Japanese．Perhaps it is not the most suitable work for it．Actually, the correct greeting in English for “Konnichiwa” is “Good day” or “Good noon”, and I am sure you wouldn't like greeting people with a “Good day” at any time, and neither do Japanese like saying “Konnichiwa” when they want to say “Hello”．

　　So what to do? Let's do it the way the Japanese do．Use “Ohaiyo Gonzaimasu” for “Good morning”, “Konnichiwa” when it's noon and “Konbanwa” to greet somebody in the afternoon．Things differ when you are on the phone．Just say “Moshi, Moshi”, which is actually similar to saying “Hello” over the phone, because one hardly ever uses “Good morning” or “Good afternoon or “Good evening” right after picking up the phone．It is invariably the sweet old “Hello”．

　　Next time, I'll tell something about my life in Japan．

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閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容，從各題所給的四個選項中，選出最佳選項。

　　Hold your head up high I was 15 months old, a happy and carefree kid, until the day I fell．It was a bad fall．I landed on a piece of glass that cut my eye badly．from then on, my injured, sightless, cloudy gray eye lived on with me．

　　Sometimes people asked me embarrassing(使人難堪的)questions．Whenever kids played games, I was the "monster"．I was always imagining that everyone looked down on(瞧不起)me．

　　Yet mum would say to me, "Hold your head up high and face the world．" I began to depend on that saying．

　　As a child, I thought mun meant, "Be careful, or you will fall down or bump into something because you are not looking．" As a teenager, I usually looked down to hide my shame．But I found that when I held my head up high, People liked me．

　　In high school I even became the class president, but on the inside I still felt like a monster．All I really wanted was to look like everyone else．When things got really bad, I would cry to my mun and she would look at me with loving eyes and say, “Hold your head up high and face the world．Let them see the beauty that is inside instead of your appearance(外貌)．”

　　My mum's love was the sunshine that made me bright．I had faced hard times, and learned not only to be confident(自信的) but also to have deep compassion(同情)for others．

　　“Hold your head up high” has been heard many times in my home．I say it to my children．The gift my mum gave me will live on．

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