We have spoken of marriage as a formal contract.It should be noted, however, that this contract does not 1 the same form in different societies.In Western societies, the 2 of a man and a woman 3 given the status of legal marriage by being registered by an official 4 by the state.In some African so cieties, 5 , marriage has nothing to do 6 an official registration of this kind but is legalized by the formal 7 of goods.Generally 8 is the bridegroom who is required to make a 9 of goods to the bride's kin(親戚), though sometimes a payment is 10 made by the bridegroom's kin to that of the bride.
Among the Nuer, a 11 living in Southern Sudan, the payment made to the bride's kin, 12 as bridewealth, is in the 13 of cattle.Once the 14 of bridewealth is agreed 15 , and the formal payment is made, the marriage becomes a 16 union and the offspring of the union become the acceptable 17 of the husband.They remain 18 children even 19 the wife subsequently leaves him to live with 20 man。
1.A.make B.get C.take D.do
2.A.condition B.difference C.union D.divorce
3.A.is B.are C.was D.were
4.A.recognizing B.recognize C.to recognize D.recognized
5.A.however B.yet C.though D.still
6.A.with B.from C.for D.to
7.A.exchange B.contact C.communication D.connection
8.A.that B.this C.one D.it
9.A.money B.payment C.cost D.consumption
10.A.also B.too C.either D.as well
11.A.a person B.a people C.a man D.a couple
12.A.called B.known C.named D.looked
13.A.shape B.size C.form D.type
14.A.amount B.number C.figure D.volume
15.A.upon B.with C.to D.for
16.A.legal B.casual C.direct D.progressive
17.A.bride B.cattle C.wealth D.children
18.A.his B.her C.their D.one?s
19.A.before B.because C.while D.if
20.A.other B.another C.more D.farther
1. C
2. C
3. A
4. D
5. A
6. A
7. A
8. D
9. B
10. A
11. B
12. B
13. C
14. A
15. A
16. A
17. D
18. A
19. D
20. B
1.本句意為在不同的社會里,這種合約采取不同的形式。take the form of是固定搭配,意為“采取……形式”。
2.本句是說“在西方社會,男女的結合只有由政府認可的官員登記后才成為合法婚姻。”union“結合"；difference“區別”；condition“條件”；divorce“離婚”。
3.主語是the union，為單數，從上下文的時態看應用現在時。
4.過去分詞做定語修飾official，意為被認可的官員。
5.though為連詞，連接主語和從句，表“雖然……但是”；yet一般用在否定句或疑問句尾，表示“已經”；still用在動詞前后，表示“仍然”；however可用逗號與前后隔開，在意思上與前句轉折。
6.have nothing to do with,與……無關，固定搭配。
7.符合商品交換的選項只有exchange。contact“接觸”；communication指“交流、交換(消息)”；connection“連接”。
8.此處是強調句型，It is…who/that結構，故只能用it.
9.make a payment of是固定搭配，意為“支付”。money是不可數名詞，故不能用a money。cost和consumption是花費、消費的意思，后面一般沒有to的結構。
10.also一般跟著謂語動詞；too與as well一般放在句尾，too有時也放在句中，用逗號隔開。
11.a people“一個民族”，a people living in southern Sudan是Nuer的同位語，從among the Nuer中可以看出，選項不可能是a man或a person或a couple。
12.be known as，作為……而得名；如用call或name，后面的as應去掉。
13.in the form of“以……形式”,固定搭配。
14.number、figure表示數字；volume意為“容量”；只有amount“數量”可與新娘彩禮相搭。
15.動詞agree后面可接不同的介詞，agree on/upon表示就一點雙方達成一致意見；agree to同意對方建議；agree with同意某人意見，雙方在觀點意見上的吻合。無agree for的說法。
16.casual“偶爾的”；progressive“進步的”；direct“直接的”。根據上下文。此處應填legal“合法的”。
17.“聯姻的后代成為”，不可能選bride或cattle。但從后面的句子中可以看出，此處選children最為合適。
18.本句的意思是“即使妻子離開丈夫后，同別人生活，他們的孩子應屬于夫方。His指代husband。
19.根據上題的譯文，本句用even if“即使”，符合句意。
20.other后接復數名詞；表示單數概念時用another。
閱讀快車系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical（經驗的，實證的） basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
Recent study on room lighting design suggests than dim（暗淡的） light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw（吸管）," architect David Allison says. "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with."
What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research?
A. Light. B. Ceilings. C. Windows. D. Furniture.
The passage tells us that ______.
A. the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings
B. lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity
C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades
D. students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed
The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that ______.
A. the problem is not approached step by step
B. the researches so far have faults in themselves
C. the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect
D. research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns
Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point（次要點） C: Conclusion
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學年江蘇省重點中學高二5月質量檢測英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Why texting harms your IQ
The regular use of text messages and e-mails can lower the IQ more than twice as much as smoking marijuana (大麻). That is the statement of researchers who have found that tapping away on a mobile phone or computer keypad or checking for electronic messages temporarily knocks up to 10 points off the user’s IQ. This rate of decline in intelligence compares unfavorably with the four-point drop in IQ associated with smoking marijuana, according to British researchers, who have described the phenomenon of improved stupidity as “infomania”. The research conducted by Hewlett Packard, the technology company, has concluded that it is mainly a problem for adult workers, especially men.
It is concluded that too much use of modern technology can damage a person’s mind. It can cause a constant distraction of “always on” technology when employees should be concentrating on what they are paid to do. Infomania means that they lose concentration as their minds remain fixed in an almost permanent state of readiness to react to technology instead of focusing on the task in hand. The report also added that, in a long term, the brain will be considerably shaped by what we do to it and by the experience of daily life. At a microcellular level, the complex networks of nerve cells that make up parts of the brain actually change in response to certain experiences.
Too much use of modern technology can be damaging not only to a person’s mind, but to their social relationship. 1100 adults were interviewed during the research. More than 62 per cent of them admitted that they were addicted to checking their e-mails and text messages so often that they scrutinized work-related ones even when at home or on holiday. Half said that they always responded immediately to an email and will even interrupt a meeting to do so. It is concluded that infomania is increasing stress and anxiety and affecting one’s characteristics. Nine out of ten thought that colleagues who answered e-mails or messages during a face-to-face meeting were extremely rude.
The effects on IQ were studied by Dr Glenn Wilson, a psychologist at University of London. “This is a very real and widespread phenomenon,” he said. “We have found that infomania will damage a worker’s performance by reducing their mental sharpness and changing their social life. Companies should encourage a more balanced and appropriate way of working.”
【小題1】We can learn from the passage that “infomania” ______.
| A．has a positive influence on one’s IQ |
| B．results in the change of part of the brain |
| C．lies in the problem of lack of concentration |
| D．is caused by too much use of modern technology |
| A．the important function of advanced technology |
| B．the damage to one’s brain done by unhealthy habits |
| C．the relevance between IQ and use of modern technology |
| D．the relationship between intelligence and working effectiveness |
| A．examined carefully | B．copied patiently |
| C．corrected quickly | D．admitted freely |
A． |
B． |
C． |
D． |
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科目：高中英語 來源：湖北省宜昌市2009-2010學年高一年級三月聯考試卷（英語） 題型：閱讀理解
How Room Designs Affect Our Work and Feelings
Architects have long had the feeling that the places we live in can affect our thoughts, feelings and behaviors. But now scientists are giving this feeling an empirical(經驗的，實證的) basis. They are discovering how to design spaces that promote creativity, keep people focused and lead to relaxation.
Researches show that aspects of the physical environment can influence creativity. In 2007, Joan Meyers-Levy at the University of Minnesota, reported that the height of a room's ceiling affects how people think. Her research indicates that higher ceilings encourage people to think more freely, which may lead them to make more abstract connections. Low ceilings, on the other hand, may inspire a more detailed outlook.
In additions to ceiling height, the view afforded by a building may influence an occupant's ability to concentrate. Nancy Wells and her colleagues at Cornell University found in their study that kids who experienced the greatest increase in greenness as a result of a family move made the most gains on a standard test of attention.
Using nature to improve focus of attention ought to pay off academically, and it seems to, according to a study led by C. Kenneth Tanner, head of the School Design & Planning Laboratory at the University of Georgia. Tanner and his team found that students in classrooms with unblocked views of at least 50 feet outside the window had higher scores on tests of vocabulary, language arts and maths than did students whose classrooms primarily overlooked roads and parking lots.
Recent study on room lighting design suggests that dim(暗淡的) light helps people to loosen up. If that is true generally, keeping the light low during dinner or at parties could increase relaxation. Researchers of Harvard Medical School also discovered that furniture with rounded edges could help visitors relax.
So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. "We have a very limited number of studies, so we're almost looking at the problem through a straw(吸管)," architect David Allison says. "How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? That's what we're all struggling with."
What does Joan Meyers-Levy focus on in her research?
A. Light. B. Ceilings. C. Windows. D. Furniture.
The passage tells us that ______.
A. the shape of furniture may affect people's feelings
B. lower ceilings may help improve students' creativity
C. children in a dim classroom may improve their grades
D. students in rooms with unblocked views may feel relaxed
The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that ______.
A. the problem is not approached step by step
B. the researches so far have faults in themselves
C. the problem is too difficult for researchers to detect
D. research in this area is not enough to make generalized patterns
70. Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point(次要點) C: Conclusion
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科目：高中英語 來源：江西省上高二中2010屆高三考前適應性考試試題（英語） 題型：閱讀理解
Dear College Dean
It is my understanding that this college has received a large donation to be used to enhance (improve) the quality of life for students: expand the bookstore or add computers to the computer lab. It is the tradition of this school to promote education and to be in the vanguard of new technology. That is why I strongly argue in favor of the addition of more computers to the computer lab.
Although expanding the campus bookstore to include CDs, gifts, and a snack bar will give a nicer look to the college, we have to think about a greater goal and a more practical way to enhance the quality of life for students. What do we want for our students and our college? Do we want our college to be known as a place with a great bookstore where you can find CDs and gifts, or as a place where the students can explore and research in their field using the best tools provided by technology? In addition, there are already several snack bars on campus, and there are music stores nearby, so students do not depend on the college bookstore for these things.
We live in a highly technological world and computers play an increasingly important role in how we live. As a learning institution, this college has the responsibility to offer its students the best technology to help them prepare for their future. Many students will be expected to be familiar with the latest software and other tools when they go on to work or to graduate school.
While they are in college, students find they are expected to use computers. Many professors expect students to use computers to do homework or to complete projects. Students are asked to create PowerPoint presentations and use spreadsheets and database programs, as well as to research many topics on the Internet. Since students are competing for good grades, those who have limited access to computers are at a great disadvantage. Furthermore, being able to do projects using the computer enhances the process of learning, giving students the opportunity to find information that without a computer would be much more difficult to find.
If there are more computers, students will also be able to complete their work more efficiently. No more will they have to wait in line, paper and disk in hand, while scanning the room for an empty chair and computer. No longer will they have to sit and wait while an outdated computer struggles to follow their commands. Having more new and faster computers available will enable students to finish their work more quickly.
The more computers are used in society the more colleges will depend on them as a tool of teaching and learning. Making computers more available to students facilitates their learning process by making the process easier, more interesting, more engaging, and in the process enhancing their quality of life
68．The purpose of the author in writing the passage is__________
A．to describe the problems caused by lack of computers
B．to explain why students are in great need of computers
C．to tell us what benefits students can gain from computers
D．to persuade the Dean to purchase more advanced computers
69．From the passage we can infer that______
A．present computers in the college cannot meet the demands of the students
B．computers in the college will be updated to meet the student’s demands soon
C．the college has the responsibility to help the students to prepare for their future
D．it is also necessary to expand the college bookstore by using part of the donation
70．In paragraph 4, the author mainly wants to tell us that_______
A．computers are beneficial to students’ academic success
B．computers are helpful to student’s competition for success
C．students find it convenient to do assignments by using computers
D．students wish to use the money to buy more advanced computers
71．Which of the following shows the organization of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point SP: Sub-point（次要點） C: Conclusion
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013-2014學年福建省福州市高三第二次質檢英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet… We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically.
Diet products weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie（卡）, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the counter instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food brands.
On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.
The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(營養成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.
Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.
1.The first paragraph mainly tells us _____.
A. diet products can bring out people’s potential
B. people have difficulty in choosing diet products
C. diet products are misleading people
D. people are fed up with diet products
2.One psychological effect of diet products is that people tend to ____.
A. resist a variety of diet foods
B. hesitate before they enjoy diet foods
C. pay attention to their own eating habits
D. watch their weight rather than their diet
3.The purpose of writing this passage is _________.
A. to warn people of the side effect of diet products
B. to tell people how to lose weight
C. to advise people to eat diet products
D. to introduce some diet products
4. Which of the following shows the structure（結構） of the passage?
CP: Central Point P: Point Sp: Sub-point(次要點) C: Conclusion
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