“What’s in a name?”According to Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, there is not too much. “That which we call a rose by any other name would smell as sweet. ”But Shakespeare may have been wrong. In most cultures, names matter a great deal.
Americans choose names for their children with care. Parents usually think about the impression a name gives, not its meaning. Most Americans would consider a“Jennifer”more attractive than a “Bertha”, for example. The last name, or, surname, must also be considered when choosing a first and middle name. A name like Lester Chester Hester would sound poetic, but odd. Parents would avoid names that remind them of people they don’t like. On the other hand, people might name their children after a respected elderly relative or even a famous person. The popularity of certain names can change with each new generation. Names that were once common, like Fanny or Elmer, sound old-fashioned today. But other names—like John and David, Mary and Sarah—have stood the test of time and continue to be favorites.
People in America don’t always call their friends and relatives by their given names. Instead, they often use nicknames. Sometimes nicknames are short forms of a longer name. For instance, a girl named Elizabeth may be called Lisa, Beth or Betsy. As children grow up, they may decide for themselves which nickname they wish to be called. Some people just go by the initials of their first and middle names, like B. J. or R. C. And of course, people may call their children or their sweethearts other special nicknames. Often they have a “sweet” flavor, like Honey or Sugar. What’s in a name? A world of significance. So if you’re choosing an English name for yourself, take care to choose a good one. A made-up name could sound strange to native English speakers. And a translation of your Chinese name may not make an appropriate name, either. But a good name can leave a positive and lasting impression. As an American politician once said,“In real life, unlike in Shakespeare, the sweetness of the rose depends upon the name it bears.”
1. What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 2 mean?
A. People change names in order to be popular with the new generation.
B. Names will change by themselves in order to be popular.
C. Some names may no longer be popular among the new generation.
D. No names can stand the test of time.
2. When choosing names, you should stick to the following principles except that _________.
A. the impression a name gives is more important than its meaning
B. you can name after a well-known person
C. surname should be paid attention to
D. you can create a name that is special
3.The word “initial” in paragraph 3 probably means .
A. nickname B. the first letter C. short form D. title
4. The author will name a newly born baby girl .
A. Bertha B. Fanny C. Yunyun D. Elizabeth
5.What is the main idea of this passage?
A. Names have great significance to Americans.
B. Names change when time goes by.
C. Chinese people should be careful when choosing their English names.
D. Roses smell sweet by any other name.
備戰中考寒假系列答案科目：高中英語 來源： 題型：閱讀理解
Directions: The following people are going to take part in job interviews. Match the interviews (marked with A, B, C, D, E and F) with the people so that they can have a greater chance of being employed. There is one extra paragraph that you don’t need.
61. Tom is a university student graduating soon. He is smart, swift and quick-minded. He is fond of challenges. He can react to sudden changes very well.
62. Mary is a graduate who often can communicate and cooperate with others well and can make friends easily.
63. Tim is a hardworking person. He has done several jobs but still hasn’t found his favorite. Every time before he goes for an interview, he’ll make full preparations as to what interviewers may ask about him.
64. Helen has worked in an advertising company for 8 years before and now she is considering finding a job in a bigger advertising company. She is a talented woman and possesses outstanding skills.
65. Mike is a brave and honest person. He often says what’s in the mind. He has many true friends.
A
You’ll be asked a lot of questions concerning a wide variety of subjects. For example, you will be asked about the political affairs to see whether you keep an eye on the things happening at home and abroad. Of course, you should also know about the company itself very well—the basic information, the policy, the market, and the potential.
B
You may be interviewed with one or two other interviewees. The interviewer may ask you to solve problems which require you and your partner to work together. It’s as important to lead as to listen. So, team spirit matters.
C
The interviewer explores certain predetermined areas using questions which have been written in advance. You may be required to list your past experience, skills and personality. Your experience and skills are compared to specific job tasks to see whether you are fit for the job.
D
The interviewer intentionally attempts to upset you to see how you react under pressure. You may be asked questions that make you uncomfortable or you may be interrupted when you are speaking. At those times, your quick responses count.
E
In some job interviews, you will be asked about your social relationship. Sometimes, the interviewer will even ask you how much hard liquor (酒) you can drink. Just keep to the fact, or you’ll suffer later.
F
Situations are set up which simulate (copy) common problems you may meet with on the job. Your responses to these situations are measured against predetermined standards. The way of dealing with the problem really matters. The interviewers can determine whether you have the basic qualifications for the job.
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科目：高中英語 來源：2012-2013學年黑龍江哈爾濱第十二中學高一上學期期末考試英語試卷（帶解析） 題型：閱讀理解
Whether you’re taking a trip alone or with your family, it’s easier to get sick when you’re in a new place because your body hasn’t had a chance to adjust to the food, water, and air in a new environment. Read the following tips on keeping your travel experience as healthy as possible.
Safe foods and drinks
What foods are safe to eat? Foods that have been boiled are generally safe, as well as fruits and vegetables that have to be peeled before eating. Avoid eating uncooked or undercooked meat.
Stay away from foods that require a lot of handling before serving.
Drink only bottled water when traveling. If you have to use the tap water, you should boil it first.
You can take it with you
When you’re packing, taking some painkiller and diarrhea medicine is a good idea. It’s also a good idea to pack some allergy (過敏) medicine even if you don’t take it at home, because people sometimes unexpectedly develop allergic reactions in a new environment.
Write it all down
Before you leave your sweet home, create a medical history form that includes the following information:
your name, address, and home phone number as well as a parent’s daytime phone number
your blood type a list of any ongoing health problems, such as heart disease, diabetes, or AIDS a list of current medicines you are taking a list of allergies（過敏性的）to medicine, food, insects, and animals the name, address, and phone number of a relative other than your parent It also helps if you have some basic emergency medical knowledge, not only for yourself but also for helping others you may be traveling with. A great way to prepare for your trip is to take a first-aid or basic life support course before you go; if you’re traveling with a group, you should know where the first-aid kit is and what’s in it.
【小題1】Which of the following word can replace the underlined word in Para.1?
| A．adapt | B．just | C．adopt | D．correct |
| A．Some travel tips | B．Danger of travel |
| C．Travel experience | D．First aid in travel |
| A．your own | B．one of your parents |
| C．one of your relatives | D．one of your friends |
| A．Taking a first-aid course. | B．Writing down your blood type. |
| C．Taking some necessary medicine. | D．Telling your parents’ your plan. |
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科目：高中英語 來源：2015屆江蘇省高二上學期期中考試英語試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解
If a business wants to sell its products internationally, it had better do some market research first. This is a lesson that some large American corporations have learned the hard way.
What’s in the name?
Sometimes the problem is the name. When General Motors introduced its Chevy Nova into Latin America, it overlooked the fact that Nova in Spanish means “It doesn’t go”. Sure enough, the Chevy Nova never went anywhere in Latin America.
Translation problems
Sometimes it is the slogan that doesn’t work. No company knows this better than Pepsi-Cola, with its “Come alive with Pepsi!” campaign. The campaign was so successful in the United States , Pepsi translated its slogan literally for its international campaign. As it turned out , the translations weren’t quite right. Pepsi was begging Germans to “Come out of the grave(墳墓)” and telling the Chinese that “Pepsi brings your ancestors(老祖宗) back from the grave.”
A picture’s worth a thousand words
Other times, the problem involves packaging . A picture of a smiling baby has helped sell countless jars of Gerber baby food. When Gerber started selling baby food in Africa, they used the same packaging as in the US, with the smiling baby on the label. Later they learned that in African countries, the picture on the jar shows what the jar has in it, for many people there can’t read.
Twist of fate
Even the culture and religious factors and pure coincidence can be involved. Thorn McAn shoes have a Thorn McAn “signature” inside. To people in Bangladesh, which is a Muslim country, this signature looked like Arabic script for the word Allah. In that country, feet are considered unclean, and Muslims felt the company was offending God’s name by having people walk on it.
1.From the text we learned that _________.
A. Chevy Nova was brought in Latin America
B. General Motors did the best market research of all companies
C. Pepsi still sold well in China owing to the translation problems
D. the “Come alive with Pepsi” campaign worked well in the US
2.What was “Gerber’s problem”?
A. A translation problem B. Cultural factor
C. Religious factor D. The picture on the jar
3.For what reason were Thorn McAn shoes turned down in Bangladesh?
A. They are not designed attractively
B. Their advertisements are not persuasive
C. A signature looking like the word Allah was in the shoes
D. Problem for Thorn McAn was the company’s name
4.What does the text mainly tell us?
A. Lessons from some large corporations.
B. How to make use of advertisements
C. The importance of market research
D. The importance of packaging
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科目：高中英語 來源：2011-2012學年寧夏高三年級第三次月考英語題 題型：其他題
根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，選項中有兩項為多余選項。
Is bottled water better for you than tap? Or should you choose vitamin-enriched water? Experts say, skip it all. None of these products is likely to make you any healthier. Below, we look at four major myths about the benefits of drinking water. 1.Experts say there’s an easy way to judge. If you are not thirsty, your fluid intake is likely “just right”
Myth No 1: Drink eight glasses each day.
Scientists say there’s no clear health benefit of drinking so much water a day. 2. “Nobody really knows,” says Dr. Stanley Goldfarb, a kidney expert at the University.of Pennsylvania.
Myth No.2：Lots of water equals healthier skin.
The body is already 60 percent water. 3.Adding a few extra glasses of water each day has a limited effect. “It’s such a tiny part of what’s in the body,” says Goldfarb. “ It’s very unlikely that one’s getting any benefit.”
Myth No.3: 4.
A more accurate statement may be: Drinking water is a helpful tool for dieters. “Water is a great strategy for dieters because it has no calories,” says Madeline Fernstrom of the University of Pittsburgh. “So you can keep your mouth busy without food and get a sense of satisfaction.” But water is not magical, she adds. “Other zero-calorie options such as diet sodas are fine, too.”
Myth No. 4: It’s easy to get dehydrated(脫水的) during a workout.
Dehydration sets in when a person has lost 2 percent of his or her body weight. 5. “It’s also obvious that individuals in hot, dry climates have an increased need for water,” says Goldfarb. “But for a walk in the park, no water bottle is necessary.”
A.So where does the standard advice come from?
B.But it’s unclear whether these changes are clinically significant.
C.So for a 200-pound man, this means losing 4 pounds of water.
D.Drinking extra water leads to weight loss.
E.Drink as much water as you can.
F.So, if you take a 200-pound man, he’s 120 pounds of water.
G.But first, how do you know if you’re drinking enough water?
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科目：高中英語 來源：2013屆云南省高一下學期期末考試英語題 題型：閱讀理解
About 45 percent of Americans don’t get enough sleep, according to a recent survey. However, the benefits of getting enough sleep far outweigh the thrill of watching TV for one more hour or surfing the web. Getting a better night’s sleep will help you lose or keep your weight more effectively. Try these simple steps to improve your quality of sleep.
Take time to relax
So many of us go-go-go until it’s time for bed, but it’s important to take time to slow down and relax before sleeping. Do relaxing things, such as listening to soothing (撫慰的) music or deep breathing. Avoid stimulating (刺激的) activities such as writing e-mails, talking on the phone and watching TV. Some guidelines (指導方針): no e-mail after 8 p.m. and no TV or phone calls after 9 p.m..
Darker is better
Your body regulates your sleep cycle in response to the presence and absence of light, so dim the lights as evening approaches. Try getting ready for bed by candlelight. When you’re ready to sleep, make sure your room is as dark as possible.
Put your thoughts to bed
We all need time to process our day, but bed is not the place to do it if you want to sleep well. Take 10 to 15 minutes to record your thoughts in a journal. This effective technique will capture what’s in your mind so you don’t lie awake. Tell yourself you’re putting your thoughts to bed so that you can go to bed.
No sugar or alcohol before bed
These may wake you up. If you need a snack before bed, make it protein.
Try to get more sleep
Get an extra hour or two of sleep every night for a week and see how you feel. You’ll notice the difference!
1.The purpose of writing this text is to ________________________.
|
A．share some ways to slow down and relax before sleeping |
|
B．guide readers to improve their quality of sleep |
|
C．tell readers the importance of getting a good night’s sleep |
|
D．publish the results of a recent survey on quality of sleep |
2.According to the text, we know that __________________________.
|
A．we should keep our bedrooms in strong light before going to bed |
|
B．writing a diary may excite us and influence our sleep |
|
C．we should never get up later on weekends than we do on weekdays |
|
D．candlelight is a good choice for our bedrooms when we’re getting ready to sleep |
3. We should take time to slow down because it can _________________________.
|
A．inform us of the importance of sleeping |
|
B．signal to our body it’s time to sleep |
|
C．tell us to stop watching TV for making phone calls |
|
D．tell us not to do stimulating activities |
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