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【題目】“中國龍”---黃河哺育了燦爛的中華文明，但其身體上也存在許多“病癥”。讀圖，回答下列問題。

【1】黃河各河段“病癥”的成因及對癥的“藥方”組合正確的是( )

A．“大量脫發”-----氣候寒冷干旱—加高、加固堤壩

B．“腹瀉”-----地表植被遭到破壞—退耕還林、還草

C．“腳腫”-----黃土結構疏松，地表崎嶇—在下游修筑梯田

D．“動脈阻塞”-----過度放牧與墾殖—建立自然保護區

【2】黃河上游進行梯級開發的有利條件是( )

A．地處我國階梯交界處，河流落差大

B．屬于亞熱帶季風氣候，年降水量大

C．地勢平坦，水量大，水流平緩

D．地處北方地區，氣溫高，蒸發旺盛

【答案】

【1】B

【2】A

【解析】

試題分析：

【1】“大量脫發”指荒漠化，是干旱地區地表植被受到破壞造成的，不能用加固大壩來解決，A錯；“腹瀉”指的是水土流失，主要是地表植被嚴重破壞造成的，要加強退耕還林、增加地表植被覆蓋率，B正確；“腳腫”指地上河，地上河的發生也和中游地區的水土流失有關，但不晨下游修梯田，而應加固大壩， C錯；“動脈阻塞”指的凌汛現象，不是過度放牧造成的，應當是疏浚河道，而不是建立自然保護區， D錯。選B正確。

【2】黃河上游地處我國地勢階梯交界處，河流落差大，水能資源豐富；這里是溫帶大陸性氣候，年降水量較少；上游進行梯級開發主要是利用河流的水能。選A正確。

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【題目】【2015·陜西】C

The production of coffee beans is a huge, profitable business, but, unfortunately, full-sun production is taking over the industry and bringing about a lot of damage. The change in how coffee is grown from shade-grown production to full-sun production endangers the very existence of, certain animals and birds, and even disturbs the world’s ecological balance.

On a local level, the damage of the forest required by full-sun fields affects the area’s birds and animals. The shade of the forest trees provides a home for birds and other special(物種) that depend on the trees’ flowers and fruits. Full-sun coffee growers destroy this forest home. As a result, many special are quickly dying out.

On a more global level, the destruction of the rainforest for full-sun coffee fields also threatens(威脅)human life. Medical research often makes use of the forests' plant and animal life, and the destruction of such species could prevent researchers from finding cures for certain diseases. In addition, new coffee-growing techniques are poisoning the water locally, and eventually the world's groundwater.

Both locally and globally, the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations (種植園)could mean the destruction of the rainforest ecology. The loss of shade trees is already causing a slight change in the world's climate, and studies show that loss of oxygen-giving trees also leads to air pollution and global warming. Moreover, the new growing techniques are contributing to acidic(酸性的) soil conditions.

It is obvious that the way much coffee is grown affects many aspects many aspects of life, from the local environment to the global ecology. But consumers do have a choice. They can purchase shade-grown coffee whenever possible, although at a higher cost. The future health of the planet and mankind is surely worth more than an inexpensive cup of coffee.