500 years ago in Britain, the burning of coal (煤) was increasing in cities like London. Coal was used in factories and also used to heat homes. Coal, when burnt makes a lot of smoke, which makes the air very dirty.
About 200 years ago, the Industrial Revolution (工業(yè)革命) began in Britain. Factories were built, and even more coal was burnt. Air pollution was becoming a really big problem.
Smoke and fog together make smog (煙霧). Smog was a big problem in London's winter. Because of the cold weather, more coal was burnt to warm houses and this made more smoke.
When smog stayed over a city, it became really hard to breathe and see clearly. In 1952, the Great London Smog happened and more than 4,000 people died because of the smog.
New laws (法律) were made in 1956 and 1968 to stop such sad things from happening again. These laws were called the Clean Air Acts.
These laws were made so that air would become cleaner. The laws encouraged people to use less coal or switch to other fuels such as gas. Factories started using tall chimneys (煙囪) so that the smoke would go high up in the sky and no longer cover cities, and new factories were built in the countryside. Smog appeared less often and the air became cleaner.
【小題1】From the passage, we learn that smog was a big problem in ______ in London.
| A．spring | B．summer | C．a(chǎn)utumn | D．winter |
| A．發(fā)明 | B．換用 | C．拒絕 | D．節(jié)省 |
| A．Factories built higher chimneys. |
| B．People began to use less coal. |
| C．More People began to ride bikes. |
| D．New factories were built outside cities. |
| A．Air Pollution in Britain in the Past. |
| B．How to Make the Air Cleaner. |
| C．Smog Is Bad for the Environment. |
| D．New Laws to Stop Air Pollution. |
【小題1】D
【小題2】B
【小題3】C
【小題4】D
解析試題分析：500年以前，英國(guó)的環(huán)境污染由煤炭引起，200年以前，由于工業(yè)革命，英國(guó)的空氣污染已經(jīng)成了非常嚴(yán)重的社會(huì)問(wèn)題，現(xiàn)在國(guó)家采取的對(duì)策以減少或杜絕對(duì)環(huán)境的污染。
【小題1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句“Smog was a big problem in London's winter.”理解可知。在英國(guó)，空氣污染在冬天最嚴(yán)重，故選D。
【小題2】詞義理解推斷題，根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句“The laws encouraged people to use less coal or switch to other fuels such as gas.”理解可知。Switch是換用之意，故選B。
【小題3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題，根據(jù)文中語(yǔ)句“Factories started using tall chimneys (煙囪) so that the smoke would go high up in the sky and no longer cover cities, and new factories were built in the countryside.”理解可知。選擇C，沒(méi)有涉及到，人們騎自行車。
【小題4】標(biāo)題歸納題，通讀全文中語(yǔ)句理解可知。在英國(guó)新的法律已出臺(tái)，來(lái)阻止空氣污染，故選D。
考點(diǎn)：閱讀理解
點(diǎn)評(píng)：閱讀短文時(shí)，可以先通讀全文，了解文章大意，并對(duì)于其中的詞匯根據(jù)句意進(jìn)行猜測(cè)；然后，帶著問(wèn)題，在文中找答案，應(yīng)該注意同義句型的不同表述方式。
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|
A．the Tower of London |
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
C．five hundred years |
|
D．forty years |
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
B．Around London |
|
C．What's that strange building? |
|
D．How long did it take to build it? |
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