Question

根據短文內容和首字母提示，填寫所缺單詞。
The development of the English language took a giant step in 1607. Three small British ships c【小題1】 the Atlantic Ocean. They began to call areas of their new land by words borrowed from the native people. For example, many of the great r【小題2】 in the United States are taken from American Indian words. The Mississippi, the Tennessee, the Missouri are examples. This borrowing or adding of foreign words to English was a w【小題3】of expanding（擴大）the language. The names of three days of the week are good examples of this. The people from Northern Europe honored three gods with a special day each week. The gods were Odin, Thor and Freya. Odin’s-day became Wednesday in English, Thor’s-day became T【小題4】 and Freya’s-day became Friday.
Experts cannot explain many English words. For h【小題5】 of years, a dog was called a “hound.” The word is still u【小題6】 but not as commonly as the word “dog.” English speakers just started using it. Other words whose origins are unknown i【小題7】“fun,” “bad,” and “big.”
English speakers also continue to invent n【小題8】 words by linking old words together. A good example is the words “motor” and “hotel.” Many years ago
s【小題9】 linked them together into the word “motel.” A motel is a small hotel near a road where people travelling in cars can stay for the night.
Other words come from the f【小題10】 letters of names of groups or devices. For example, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is usually called NATO.

Answer 1

小題1:crossed
小題2:rivers
小題3:way
小題4:Thursday
小題5:hundreds
小題6:used
小題7:include
小題8:new
小題9:someone/somebody
小題10:first

試題分析：這篇短文主要以一些具體單詞為例，說明了英語詞匯的發展變化方式及過程。
小題1:聯系上下文，可知此處指的是，這艘英國小船橫渡了太平洋。結合語境可知本句描述的是過去發生的動作，故用一般過去時態。根據首字母可知填過去式動詞crossed，橫穿。
小題2:聯系下文The Mississippi, the Tennessee, the Missouri的描述，可知此處指的是美國的大部分河流。根據首字母可知填復數名詞rivers，河流。
小題3:結合語境可知此處指的是擴大英語詞匯的一種方式。根據首字母可知填單數名詞way，道路，方法。
小題4:聯系上下文，可知此處指的是Thor’s-day 成為了星期四。根據首字母可知填專有名詞Thursday，星期四。
小題5:結合語境可知此處指的是許多年以來。英語中數詞表示概數時，后面加s，和介詞of搭配使用。根據首字母可知填復數數詞hundreds，幾百。
小題6:聯系上下文可知此處指的是這個單詞仍在使用。結合語境可知本句主語是動作對象，故用被動語態。根據首字母可知填過去分詞used，使用。
小題7:聯系下文“fun,” “bad,” and “big.”可知此處指的是包括這幾個單詞，根據首字母可知填介詞include，包括。
小題8:聯系下文，可知此處指的是說英語的人也在繼續發明新單詞，根據首字母可知填形容詞new，新的，作定語。
小題9:結合語境可知此處指的是某人把它們連接在一起，根據首字母可知填someone/somebody，有人，某人。
小題10:聯系下文the North Atlantic Treaty Organization is usually called NATO.可知此處指的是有些單詞來自一組單詞或者裝備的首字母。根據首字母可知填序數詞first，第一個，首先的。做定語。
點評：首字母一直是英語考試中的難點，得分率比較低。解答此類題型的方法一般就是根據文章前后句子之間意思推斷出詞義，并結合首字母推斷出所缺單詞，然后根據該單詞在句子中的句子成分，所起作用，確定單詞詞形，進行適當詞形變化。注意動詞，名詞等一般要有詞形變化，注意主謂語數的一致問題。而介詞則沒有詞形變化。在敘事性短文中，謂語動詞多為一般過去時態及現在完成時態，說明性短文中謂語動詞多為一般現在時態。