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Many objects that people use each day started with a simple idea. These objects have often changed the way we 46 . Some help us to do a job more   47 . Others fill a need or solve a problem.
In 1858, Lipman had such an 48 . He took out a pencil, a piece of paper,   49 an eraser. Then he began to write. Sometimes he needed to 50  a word. Each time he had to search under his books and papers to   51  the eraser. “ I wish my eraser would stay in one 52 !” he said.
Then Lipman had his simple idea. He   53  a groove(凹槽) in one end of the pencil. He glued(粘牢) the eraser into the groove. Lipman had solved his problem. Later he thought that others might like to have such a pencil. So he sold his 54 .Some pencils with erasers were 55 . His design earned $ 100000.

小題1:

A．study

B．live

C．sleep

D．walk

小題2:

A．easily

B．correctly

C．carefully

D．normally

小題3:

A．article

B．aim

C．idea

D．action

小題4:

A．so

B．and

C．but

D．as

小題5:

A．spell

B．read

C．write

D．change

小題6:

A．look

B．see

C．watch

D．find

小題7:

A．place

B．desk

C．book

D．hand

小題8:

A．marked

B．prepared

C．cut

D．invented

小題9:

A．books

B．pencil

C．design

D．eraser

小題10:

A．wonderful

B．expensive

C．colourful

D．common

小題1:B
小題2:A
小題3:C
小題4:B
小題5:D
小題6:D
小題7:A
小題8:C
小題9:C
小題10:D

本文是一篇記敘文。通讀短文可知，本文講述的是H.L. Lipman 如何從日常生活中發明帶橡皮頭的鉛筆的故事。短文第一句話就表明本文將要講述的話題是how objects we use today came from simple ideas，然后通過講述 H.L.Lipman發明帶橡皮頭的鉛筆的故事來說明。文章隱含著教育意義；在日常生活中要做有心人，善于細心觀察，開發自己的創新能力。
小題1:本題的選擇要注意上下文。四個選項均為動詞，語法上都可填入，但文章說的是影響我們的生活和工作話題，即這些發明的東西改變了我們的生活方式，故選B.
小題2:本題四個選項均為副詞，但根據上下文可知：新發明是為了解決問題，使得做事情更容易，所以A符合語境。
小題3:本段開始敘述H.L.Lipman的發明，講述他是如何有這個注意的H.L.Lipman，的發明是觀察中思考所得，而不是先有目標，故不能選B.
小題4:從語法上看，本題四個選項均可做連詞用，但從語義上來說這里是承接關系，必須用and來連接三個賓語:pencil, paper, eraser故選B.
小題5:從上下文可知，寫作時他需要修改。
小題6:這樣他就經常需要在書本下把橡皮找出來。本題同時考詞義辨析，四個選項都與“看有關，但只有表示“找出，找到。”
小題7:“我想讓橡皮固定在一個地方（place）（便于尋找）”這是H.L.Lipman的想法。
小題8:這個地方當然是在筆頭上最方便了，所以H.L.Lipman在鉛筆的一端刻出(cut)一個凹槽了
小題9:他考慮到別人也需要這種鉛筆，就把自己的設計（design）出售了。
小題10:（因為他的設計被出售）很快這種帶橡皮頭的鉛筆就普及。

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